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Balanoposthitis is an inflammation (swelling and irritation) of the head of the penis (glans) and the foreskin (a thin layer of skin covering the tip and head of the penis), commonly seen in uncircumcised infants, young boys, and men. It presents with severe pain, swelling, redness, and an itching sensation around the affected penis. Infections, allergic reactions, STDs (sexually transmitted diseases), and STIs (sexually transmitted infections) are the common etiologies (causes) of balanoposthitis.
Balanoposthitis can be easily diagnosed through a physical examination and a series of diagnostic tests (urinalysis, skin test, etc.) Treatment includes general measures to maintain proper genital hygiene and specific measures to treat the underlying cause through medications.
Let us discuss balanoposthitis in detail, highlighting its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.
"Balanitis" refers to inflammation of the glans of the penis, "posthitis" refers to inflammation of the foreskin, and "balanoposthitis" refers to inflammation of the glans of the penis and the foreskin. Usually, balanoposthitis is not a serious medical condition or contagious (spreads from one person to another through direct physical contact) and can be easily treated.
It occurs in almost 12 to 20% of uncircumcised males and boys below the age of 5 years. Circumcision is a surgical procedure involving removing the foreskin from the head of the penis. It is the part that is most susceptible to infections (bacterial, fungal, or viral) since it can easily trap moisture and provide a favorable environment for the microorganisms to grow.
The causes of balanoposthitis can be classified as infectious and non-infectious factors.
The symptoms of balanoposthitis appear near the glans of the penis and the foreskin and depend on the cause, which can occur in combination with other symptoms. These include:
Physical signs and symptoms around the penis glans and its foreskin are the classic diagnostic interpretation if you suffer from balanoposthitis. However, consult a urologist (a doctor who specializes in diseases of the urinary tract) or a dermatologist (a doctor who specializes in the diseases of the skin and related tissues) for further evaluation by:
Balanoposthitis treatment is the same for infants and adults and can be classified as general treatment or specific treatment (that treats the underlying cause).
General Treatment
Specific Treatment
Balanoposthitis is the least contagious medical condition and can generally resolve on its own. However, treatment is important when symptoms persist for a long time.
If left untreated, balanoposthitis may lead to complications like
Adhering to certain preventive measures can effectively help prevent the occurrence or recurrence of balanoposthitis.
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