A Peritoneal Dialysis catheter, commonly known as a PD catheter, is a device used for peritoneal dialysis Know all about the types of peritoneal dialysis catheter and the procedure in Erode.
Procedure Name Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter (PD Catheter)
Surgery Type Open/ Closed
Hospital Stay Nil (Outpatient)
Type of Anaesthesia Local Anesthesia/ General Anesthesia
Duration of Surgery 1 hour
A peritoneal dialysis catheter is a thin, flexible silicone tube. It has an open end port and several holes on the side for the dialysate (the cleaning fluid) drainage and absorption. The extraperitoneal segment, which is present outside your body, has one or two dacron cuffs. One of these cuffs is placed at the muscle wall of the abdomen, it is referred to as the proximal cuff. The other cuff, referred to as the distal cuff, is placed under the surface of the skin at the exit site of the catheter. The proximal cuff helps to hold the catheter in place, while the distal cuff acts as a barrier to prevent infection-causing germs from entering the body through the opening.
A PD catheter facilitates the dialysis fluid to be instilled and then removed from the periodontal cavity.
Peritoneal dialysis catheters come in various shapes and sizes. They are also differentiated on various factors like-
Intra-abdominal segment- Depending on the shape of the portion inside your abdomen-
Subcutaneous segment- Depending on the shape of the subcutaneous segments -
Depending on the number of Dacron cuffs-
Depending on the tip-
Depending on the material used-
Straight catheters are easy to insert but carry a high risk of migration. Coiled catheters can be inserted in various ways, but the coiled end can cause severe abdominal pain if the catheter migrates. The type of catheter to be used is decided prior to the procedure. Most surgeons prefer the double-cuffed, swan-neck, unweighted Tenckhoff catheter with a coiled intra-abdominal segment.
Peritoneal dialysis catheters are recommended for use in peritoneal dialysis. This is a procedure that is required when the kidneys are chronically damaged and loses the ability to filter out waste products and toxins from the blood. A PD catheter then acts as an access route for the dialysate (cleaning solution) and the blood vessels.
Peritoneal dialysis is indicated in the following conditions-
Sometimes, people with an active lifestyle, people living far away from a hemodialysis center, and people with needle anxiety may voluntarily opt for peritoneal dialysis.
A PD catheter is inserted into your body by different techniques. The laparoscopic or open surgical technique is the most common. Here is how you can prepare for the procedure.
Peritoneal dialysis catheters may be placed percutaneously, laparoscopically, or by open surgery. The procedure takes about an hour and can be performed by a surgeon, interventional radiologist, or nephrologist. Here is how each procedure works-
Laparoscopic Technique
Percutaneous Placement
After the catheter has been inserted by any of the above techniques, a sterile gauze is placed over the exit site to prevent the catheter from moving.
Taking good care of the catheter insertion and exit site is very important to keep the catheter working well and to reduce the chances of infection. After the procedure, you will be moved to a recovery room where your vitals, like your pulse rate, respiratory rate, temperature, and blood pressure, will be monitored. Once your vitals are stable, you may go home. Some instructions to be followed:
All procedures, however minor, carry a certain risk of complications. PD catheter insertion, too, has potential complications that you should be aware of.
A PD catheter has the following advantages-
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It varies from person to person. It must be worn at all times (except for eating and bathing), even while you are asleep.
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